What is Considered as "Fair Use" of Copyrighted Material?

“Fair Use” doctrine - the copyrighted work of others is not infringed upon if it is used for fair purposes such as:

• Criticism
• Commentary
News reporting
• Teaching
• Scholarship
• Research
• Religious performance
• Nonprofit performance

Factors to consider when determining whether the work was used under the “Fair Use” doctrine:

• Purpose and character of the use (commercial vs. not-for-profit, e.g. a book was used for education)
• Nature of copyrighted work (published vs. unpublished)
• Amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to copyrighted work as a whole (was the main part of the work used or just a short excerpt?)
• Impact of the use on the market value of the work (how much the unauthorized use influences the ability of the owner to distribute his/her work at the marker and its price)